Alabama No Drivers age 16 and 17 who have held an intermediate license for less than 6 months. All drivers Primary 2 Alaska No No All drivers Primary Arizona All drivers School bus drivers; and drivers under 18 Yes Primary Arkansas Drivers ages 18 to 20 years of age; school and highway work zones School bus drivers, drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary: for texting by all drivers and cell phone use by school bus drivers. California All drivers School and transit bus drivers and drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary Colorado No Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary 4 Connecticut All drivers Drivers younger than 18, and school bus drivers All drivers Primary Delaware All drivers Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders and school bus drivers All drivers Primary District of Columbia All drivers School bus drivers and learner’s permit holders All drivers Primary Florida No No All drivers Secondary 3 points for second gear offense ; 6 points if accident

Georgia All drivers School bus drivers. Drivers younger than 18. All drivers Primary 1 Hawaii All drivers Drivers younger than 18 All Drivers Primary Idaho No No All Drivers Primary Illinois All drivers Learner’s permit holders younger than 19, drivers younger than 19, and school bus drivers All drivers Primary Indiana No Drivers under the age of 21 All drivers Primary Iowa No Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders All drivers Primary Kansas No Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders All drivers Primary Kentucky No Drivers younger than 18, school bus drivers All drivers Primary 3 Louisiana Learner or intermediate stages School bus drivers, first year of license All drivers Primary Maine All drivers Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders; bus drivers All drivers Primary Maryland All drivers Drivers under 18 All drivers Primary 1 for third offense Massachusetts All drivers School bus drivers, drivers younger than 18. All drivers Primary Michigan No Level 1 or 2 license holders and school bus drivers.  All drivers Primary Minnesota All drivers School bus drivers, learner’s permit holders and provisional license holders All drivers Primary Mississippi No School bus drivers All drivers Primary Missouri No No Drivers 21 years or younger. Primary Montana No No No Not applicable Nebraska No Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders younger than 18 All drivers Secondary 3 Nevada All drivers No All drivers Primary 4 for second offense New Hampshire All drivers Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary New Jersey All drivers School bus drivers, and learner’s permit and intermediate license holders All drivers Primary 3 for third offense New Mexico Local option Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders. All Drivers Primary New York All drivers No All drivers Primary 5 North Carolina No Drivers younger than 18 and school bus drivers All drivers Primary North Dakota No Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary Ohio No Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary Oklahoma Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders No All drivers Primary Oregon All drivers Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary Pennsylvania No No All drivers Primary Puerto Rico All drivers All drivers Primary Rhode Island Yes School bus drivers and drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary South Carolina No No All drivers Primary South Dakota No Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders All drivers Secondary Tennessee All drivers School bus drivers, and learner’s permit and intermediate license holders All drivers Primary Texas Drivers in school crossing zones Bus drivers. Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary Utah No Drivers under All drivers Primary for texting; secondary for talking on hand-held phone the age of 18. Vermont All drivers Drivers younger than 18 All drivers Primary Virgin Islands Yes Virginia No Drivers younger than 18 and school bus drivers All drivers Primary: for texting by all drivers. 3 Secondary: for drivers younger than 18. Washington All drivers Learner’s permit and intermediate license holders. All drivers Primary West Virginia All drivers Drivers younger than 18 who hold either a learner’s permit or an intermediate license All drivers Primary 3 for third offense Wisconsin No Learner’s permit or intermediate license holder All drivers Primary 4 Wyoming No No All drivers Primary Total All drivers: 21 states and District of Columbia, Guam, Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. School Bus drivers: 20 states and District of Columbia. All Drivers: 46 states and District of Columbia, Guam, Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. Primary for all drivers texting: 48 states, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. Teen drivers: 38 states and District of Columbia. Secondary for all drivers texting: 4.

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