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Emily Barkley-Levenson, Ph.D.

Assistant Professor of Psychology, Hofstra University

Do you feel that parents having their teen children take on the responsibility of a big purchase, such as a car, provides a teachable moment that is worth the monetary cost? Why or why not?

A lot of the attributes that make up what it means to be responsible, like self-control and check gratification, are still developing during adolescence and into early adulthood. In fact, the part of the brain that is responsible for these processes, the prefrontal cerebral cortex, is still maturing until around age 25. These are besides skills that can be trained and improved with rehearse, which means that the adolescent years are a great time to work out those self-control muscles, therefore to speak. Taking on increased responsibility and autonomy with a car can provide an adolescent with lots of chances to build up their self-denial and delayed gratification skills. There ’ mho besides a phenomenon called the endowment impression, where we value things more if they belong to us or we have a sense of ownership over them. so having your adolescent pay up for their car themselves ( or at least contribute their own money toward it ) should increase the value they place on it, leading to safer and more responsible behavior .

Some states prohibit the use of gender to determine insurance rates, even though the motor vehicle death rate of male 16- to 19-year-olds is nearly double that of females of the same age. How do male and female teens pose different levels of risk to insurers?

The research is quite clean that men engage in more bad behaviors than women, including wearing seat belts less frequently and running yellow lights more frequently. Women perceive a higher likelihood of negative consequences and less use from these actions than men do, which leads to less risk-taking behind the wheel. I expect these findings would play out similarly with adolescent boys and girls arsenic well. That said, statistical averages can ’ metric ton predict the actions of any particular individual ; teens of all genders can be foolhardy and risk-taking, and there are many adolescent boys who are extremely safe drivers.

The North Carolina Department of Transportation has the right under law to suspend teens’ driving privileges if they drop out of school or do not pass at least 70% of their courses. Should academics play a strong role in a teen’s eligibility to drive? Why or why not?

The reasons why drive privileges are revoked typically have to do with safety ( minor monomania of alcohol, speeding or foolhardy drive, and so forth ). In this case, if there isn ’ t a strong connection between dangerous drive and poor people academic performance, then linking the two in terms of policy doesn ’ t seem particularly effective. academic performance does relate to other health-risk behaviors ( like violence and drug habit ), but this is one of those cases of correlation not being the same thing as causing : other factors such as syndicate try and poverty can make teens more likely both to underperform academically and to engage in health-risk behaviors, but skipping school doesn ’ triiodothyronine campaign you to drive more ailing.

What is the psychological difference between learning in the classroom and learning “on the road” as a driver?

Something that shows up over and over again in research with adolescents is a bad difference in behavior between “ cold ” settings ( nonemotional, intellectual context like a lab or a classroom ) and “ hot ” settings ( emotional situations in the real world, particularly when peers and social coerce are involved ). A adolescent may make wholly rational and safe decisions in the classroom ( or when a drive teacher is in the car ) but take risks on the road when they are more “ amped up ” by the presence of their friends .
Back to all experts { “ backgroundColor ” : ” white ”, ” subject ” : ” \u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeImage — root left\ ” \u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeImage — image-container \ ” \u003E\n \u003Cimg alt=\ ” headshot of expert\ ” class=\ ” ShortcodeImage — image lazyload\ ” style=\ ” width : 60px ; \ ” data-src=\ ” hypertext transfer protocol : \/\/res.cloudinary.com\/value-penguin\/image\/upload\/c_limit, dpr_1.0, f_auto, h_1600, q_auto, w_60\/v1\/emily-barkley-levenson_uajgkh\ ” src=\ ” hypertext transfer protocol : \/\/res.cloudinary.com\/value-penguin\/image\/upload\/c_limit, dpr_2.0, e_blur:1000, f_auto, h_1600, q_1, w_60\/v1\/emily-barkley-levenson_uajgkh\ ” data-srcset=\ ” hypertext transfer protocol : \/\/res.cloudinary.com\/value-penguin\/image\/upload\/c_limit, dpr_1.0, f_auto, h_1600, q_auto, w_60\/v1\/emily-barkley-levenson_uajgkh 1x, hypertext transfer protocol : \/\/res.cloudinary.com\/value-penguin\/image\/upload\/c_limit, dpr_2.0, f_auto, h_1600, q_auto, w_60\/v1\/emily-barkley-levenson_uajgkh 2x\ ” \u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Ch3 id=\ ” expert-emily-barkley-levenson\ ” \u003EEmily Barkley-Levenson, Ph.D.\u003C\/h3\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EAssistant Professor of Psychology, Hofstra University\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeToggle — ancestor ShortcodeToggle — article \ ” id=\u003E\n \u003Cbutton class=\ ” ShortcodeToggle — toggle\ ” onclick=\ ” this.parentNode.classList.toggle ( ‘ShortcodeToggle — open ‘ ) ; \ ” \u003E\u003Cp class=\ ” ShortcodeToggle — label\ ” \u003ESee their advice\u003C\/p\u003E\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeToggle — contents-wrapper\ ” \u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeToggle — contents\ ” \u003E\n \u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Ch4\u003EDo you feel that parents having their adolescent children take on the province of a big purchase, such as a car, provides a docile moment that is worth the monetary monetary value ? Why or why not ? \u003C\/h4\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EA lot of the attributes that make up what it means to be responsible, like self-control and stay gratification, are even developing during adolescence and into early adulthood. In fact, the function of the mind that is responsible for these processes, the prefrontal cerebral cortex, is even maturing until around senesce 25. These are besides skills that can be trained and improved with drill, which means that the adolescent years are a capital time to work out those self-denial muscles, sol to speak. Taking on increased responsibility and autonomy with a car can provide an adolescent with lots of chances to build up their self-control and delayed gratification skills. \nThere\u2019s besides a phenomenon called the endowment effect, where we value things more if they belong to us or we have a smell of ownership over them. so having your adolescent yield for their cable car themselves ( or at least contribute their own money toward it ) should increase the value they place on it, leading to safer and more responsible behavior.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Ch4\u003ESome states prohibit the use of sex to determine policy rates, flush though the motive vehicle death rate of male 16- to 19-year-olds is about doubly that of females of the same old age. How dress male and female teens pose different levels of risk to insurers ? \u003C\/h4\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThe research is quite clear that men engage in more bad behaviors than women, including wearing seat belts less frequently and running chicken lights more much. Women perceive a higher likelihood of negative consequences and less enjoyment from these actions than men do, which leads to less risk-taking behind the steering wheel. I expect these findings would play out similarly with adolescent boys and girls adenine well. That said, statistical averages can\u2019t predict the actions of any finical individual ; teens of all genders can be heedless and risk-taking, and there are many adolescent boys who are extremely safe drivers.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Ch4\u003EThe North Carolina Department of Transportation has the right under law to suspend teens\u2019 drive privileges if they drop out of school or do not pass at least 70 % of their courses. Should academics play a strong character in a teen\u2019s eligibility to drive ? Why or why not ? \u003C\/h4\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EThe reasons why drive privileges are revoked typically have to do with base hit ( underage monomania of alcohol, speeding or heedless force, and so forth ). In this subject, if there isn\u2019t a strong connection between dangerous drive and poor academic performance, then linking the two in terms of policy doesn\u2019t seem peculiarly effective. academic operation does relate to other health-risk behaviors ( like ferocity and drug consumption ), but this is one of those cases of correlation coefficient not being the same thing as causing : other factors such as family stress and poverty can make teens more probable both to underperform academically and to engage in health-risk behaviors, but skipping school doesn\u2019t \u003Cem\u003Ecause\u003C\/em\u003E you to drive more poorly.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Ch4\u003EWhat is the psychological difference between learning in the classroom and learning \ ” on the road\ ” as a driver ? \u003C\/h4\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003ESomething that shows up over and over again in research with adolescents is a big difference in behavior between \ ” cold\ ” settings ( nonemotional, intellectual context like a lab or a classroom ) and \ ” hot\ ” settings ( aroused situations in the real universe, specially when peers and social imperativeness are involved ). A adolescent may make wholly intellectual and safe decisions in the classroom ( or when a drive teacher is in the car ) but take risks on the road when they are more \ ” amped up\ ” by the presence of their friends.\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeAlign — root ShortcodeAlign — horizontal-center\ ” \u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\ ” ShortcodeAlign — container\ ” \u003E \n \u003Cspan\u003E\u003Ca class=\ ” ShortcodeLink — root Button — root Button — basal Button — auto-width\ ” title=\ ” Back to all experts\ ” href=\ ” # expertadvice\ ” \u003EBack to all experts\u003C\/a\u003E\u003C\/span\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/p\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n\n ”, ” padding ” : ” double ” }

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